MXene sensors based on optical and electrical sensing signals: from biological, chemical, and physical sensing to emerging intelligent and bionic devices

Wu, Leiming; Yuan, Xixi; Tang, Yuxuan; Wageh, S.; Al-Hartomy, Omar A.; Al-Sehemi, Abdullah G.; Yang, Jun; Xiang, Yuanjiang; Zhang, Han; Qin, Yuwen

doi:10.1186/s43074-023-00091-7

PhotoniX

Table 4 Summary of fluorescence sensors based on Ti₃C₂T_x NSs and QDs

From: MXene sensors based on optical and electrical sensing signals: from biological, chemical, and physical sensing to emerging intelligent and bionic devices

Materials	Analytes	Linear range	Detection limit	References
Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	HPV-18 DNA	0.5–50 nM	100 pM	[106]
Rhodamine B-labeled phospholipid Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	phospholipase D	0–1000 U L⁻¹	0.1 U L⁻¹	[113]
DNA-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	mucin 1	0 − 60 nM	6 nM	[117]
DNA-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	microRNA-21	0 − 25 nM	0.8 nM	[117]
Ti₃C₂T_x NSs combined with red-emitting carbon dots	glucose	0.1 − 20 mM	50 μM	[118]
(Cy3-CD63 aptamer)/ Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	exosome	10⁴ − 10⁹ particles mL⁻¹	1.4 × 10³ particles mL⁻¹	[119]
NaYF4:Yb, Tm/Er UCNPs and Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	miRNA-21	5 fM–100 pM	0.62 fM	[120]
NaYF4:Yb, Tm/Er UCNPs and Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	miRNA-10b	5 fM–100 pM	0.85 fM	[120]
Cu nanoclusters x functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	glutathione	5.0 – 100 μM	3 μM	[121]
TAT peptide-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	lncRNA PCA3	0 – 0.2 nM	2.6 pM	[122]
Chimeric peptide-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	protein phosphatase 2C	15 − 200 nM	2.3 nM	[123]
Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	Vibrio parahaemolyticus	10² − 10⁶ cfu/mL	30 cfu/mL	[124]
Exo III-assisted recycling Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	Hg²⁺	0.05–50 nM	0.0425 nM	[125]
Ti₃C₂T_x NSs	thrombin	20–200 pM	5.27 pM	[126]
Dimethylformamide − Ti₃C₂T_x MXene QDs	Fe³⁺	0 – 830 μM	2 μM	[127]
N, P − Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	Cu²⁺	0 – 5000 μM	2 μM	[110]
Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	alkaline phosphatase	0 – 50 U L⁻¹	0.02 U L⁻¹	[128]
CsPbBr₃ − Ti₃C₂T_x MXene QDs Heterojunction	Cd²⁺	9.9 × 10^–5 –5.9 × 10^–4 M	–	[114]
Glutathione functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	uric acid	1.2 –75 mM	125 nM	[115]
N − Ti₃C₂T_x QDs/Fe³⁺	glutathione	0.5 – 100 μM	0.17 μM	[116]
PEI − Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	pH values	6 – 8	–	[109]
ε-poly-L-lysine functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	cytochrome c	0.2 – 40 μM	20.5 nM	[129]
Nitrogen-doped Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	H₂O₂	2 − 50 μM	0.57 μM	[130]
Nitrogen-doped Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	Xanthine	1 − 50 μM	0.34 μM	[130]
Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	curcumin	0.05–10 μM	20 nM	[131]
Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	ClO⁻	25–150 μM and 150–275 μM	5 μM	[131]
Uric acid@Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	2,4,6-trinitrophenol	0.01–40 μM	9.58 nM	[132]
Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	Fe³⁺	0–1000 μM	310 nM	[133]
Nitrogen-doped Ti₃C₂T_x QDs	Cu²⁺	0–2000 μM	−	[134]
Ti₃C₂T_x MXene QDs	Ag⁺	0.1–40 μM	9.7 nM	[108]
Ti₃C₂T_x MXene QDs	Mn²⁺	0.5 – 60 μM	102 nM	[108]
N, P-doped Ti₃C₂T_X QDs	NO₂⁻	1.5 – 80 μM	0.25 μM	[135]

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