Fig. 3
From: Multi-vortex laser enabling spatial and temporal encoding
Multi-vortex beams generation. a Measured intensity profile of the generated multi-vortex beams. b, c, d, e Measured intensity profiles of the vortex components of the multi-vortex beams. f, Intensity profile of the multi-HG beams converted from the generated multi-vortex beams by a cylindrical lens mode converter. g, h, i, j Intensity profiles of the HG beams converted from the vortex components, showing that the topological charges of the multi-vortex beams are l = 1, l = 18, l = 58, and l = 118, respectively. k Output powers of the discrete vortex beams versus the incident pump power; Inset: pump beam profile