Fig. 1

The 1-bit digital coding metamaterials. a The 1-bit digital coding pattern of metamaterials. (from Fig. 1 of Ref. [56]). b A typical patch coding element with “0°” and “180°” phase responses, encoded as bits “0” and “1”. (from Fig. 1 of Ref. [56]). c and d The two designed coding patterns. (from Fig. 1 of Ref. [56]). e The simulated scattering fields for different patterns. (from Fig. 2 of Ref. [56]). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [56] under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Copyright 2014, Springer Nature