Fig. 3

Photoactuation devices. a Illustration of principle for soft opto-mechanical reconfigurable device. Reproduced with permission from [109], copyright Elsevier, 2021. b Diagram of working principle for the Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST) based metasurface. Reproduced with permission from [110], copyright John Wiley and Sons, 2020. c Schematic of photon-induced metasurface in the silicon wafer. Reproduced with permission from [111], copyright John Wiley and Sons, 2019. d Diagram of holographic metasurface gas sensor platform. Reproduced with permission from [112], copyright AAAS, 2021