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Fig. 12 | PhotoniX

Fig. 12

From: Imaging based on metalenses

Fig. 12

Microscopy applications of metalenses. (a) Left panel: regular microscope image of a fluorescent polyethylene microsphere. Middle panel: two-photon fluorescent microscope image of the microsphere captured using the double-wavelength metalens (DW-ML). Right panel: the microscope image captured using a conventional refractive objective [118]. Scale bars: 10 μm. (b) Schematic illustration of the proposed two-photon microscope. A pulsed laser source is focused inside a sample using the excitation optics and a metasurface objective. The same metasurface lens along with the collection optics collects the light that is emitted by the sample through a two-photon fluorescence process [118]. (c) Schematic of a metasurface-based quantitative phase gradient microscope (QPGM) and its operation principle. The second metasurface layer is composed of three separate metasurface lenses. The first metasurface, together with each of the lenses in the second metasurface layer, forms a different image of the object. A polarizer and the polarization-sensitive metasurfaces then result in three interference patterns [119]. (d) Illustration of the roles of the two metasurface layers [119]. (e) Left panel: a binary phase sample with unity amplitude used as an example target. Middle panel: three DIC images of the phase sample. Right panel: phase gradient image showing the phase gradient along the y axis [119]

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